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Tibetan New Year is the most important festival in Tibet. It is an occasion when Tibetan families reunite and expect that the coming year will be a better one. Known as Losar, the festival starts from the first to the third day of the first Tibetan month. Preparations for the festive event are manifested by special offerings to family shrine deities, painted doors with religious symbols, and other painstaking jobs done to prepare for the event. Tibetans eat Guthuk (barley crumb food with filling) on New Year's Eve with their families. Eating Guthuk is fun since the barley crumbs are stuffed with a different filling to fool someone in the family. The Festival of Banishing Evil Sprits is observed after dinner. Signs that the New Year is approaching when one sees lit torches, and people running and yelling to get rid of evil spirits from their houses. Before dawn on New Year's Day, housewives get their first buckets of water for their homes and prepare breakfast. After breakfast, people dress up to go to monasteries and offer their prayers. People visit their neighborhoods and exchange their Tashi Delek blessings in the first two days. Feast is the theme during the occasion. On the third day, old prayer flags are replaced with new ones. Other folk activities may be held in some areas to celebrate the events. (more details here)
Monlam, the Great Prayer Festival, falls on the fourth up to the eleventh day of the first Tibetan month. The event was established in 1049 by Tsong Khapa, the founder of the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama's order. It is the grandest religious festival in Tibet. Religious dances are performed and thousands of monks gather for chanting before the Jokhang Temple. Examinations taking form of sutra debates for the Geshe degree, the highest degree in Buddhist theology, are also held. Pilgrims crowd to listen to the sermons while others give religious donations. (more details here)
The Butter Lamp Festival, Chunga Choepa in Tibetan, falls on the fifteenth day of the first Tibetan month. The event was also established by Tsong Khapa to celebrate the victory of Sakyamuni against heretics in a religious debate. Giant butter and Tsampa sculptures varying in forms of auspicious symbols and figures are displayed on Barkhor. People keep singing and dancing throughout the festive night. (more details here)
On the fifteenth day of the fourth Tibetan month is Saka Dawa Festival. The day is believed to be the time when Sakyamuni was born; stepped into Buddhahood, and attained nirvana. Tibetans believe that a merit is an accumulation of a myriad of merits from previous days, months or years. People refrain from killing animals by liberating them and abstain from eating meats. Sutra chanting, prayer turning, Cham dancing and other religious activities dominate the occasion. Offering sacrifices to the female deity enshrined in the temple on the islet of the Dragon King Pond, boating in the pond and picnicking add more to the festive mood.(more details here)
Shoton Festival, also known as the Yoghurt Festival, begins on the thirtieth day of the sixth Tibetan month. The origin of the festival started from the 17th century when pilgrims served yoghurt to the monks who stopped for their summer retreat. Years later, Tibetan opera performances were added to the event to amuse monks in monasteries. During the festival, giant Thangkas of the Buddha are unveiled in Drepung Monastery while Tibetan opera troupes perform at Norbulingka. (more details here)
The Bathing Festival starts on the twenty-seventh day of the seventh lunar month and lasts a week when Venus appears in the sky. Tibetans bring food, set up tents along rivers and bathe themselves under the star light. The holy bath was believed to heal all kinds of illnesses and wards off misfortune.
Nakchu Horse Race Festival is the most important folk festival in Tibet. People who gather for the annual horse race festival in Nakchu town construct a tent city. Dressing themselves and their finest horse, thousands of herdsmen participate in the thrilling horse race, archery and horsemanship contest. Other folk activities and commodity fairs are also held. The event falls on early August.
There are different versions of the origin of Gyangtse Horse Rave Festival, which is also popular throughout Tibet. The festival usually falls in June. Horse race, archery contest, and other games are performed to entertain people. Religious activities also are part of the event. (more details here)
Buddha Unfolding Festival is celebrated in Tashilhunpo Monastery from the fourteenth to the sixteenth day of the fifth Tibetan month. Unbelievable giant Thangkas of Amitayus, Sakyamuni and Maitreya are displayed on the monastery's Thangka Walls. Thousands of pilgrims rush to the monastery to give their offerings to the Buddhas for the accumulation of their merits. The tradition has lasted for 500 years.
Tsong Khapa Butter Lamp Festival falls on twenty-fifth day of the tenth Tibetan month. It is a festival when myriads of butter lamps are lit on rooftops with prayers chanted to commemorate the loss of Tsong Khapa who was a great religious reformer adept in Buddhism.
Paying homage to the Holy Mountain Festival (Choekhor Duechcen in Tibetan) falling on the fourth day of the sixth Tibetan month commemorates Sakyamuni's first sermon. People, in their best conduct during the occasion, go to monasteries to pay their respects to the Buddha. Circumambulation around the mountains is the popular practice during the festival. Picnicking, singing and dancing are also part of the event.
Universal Prayers Festival (Zamling Chisang in Tibetan) falls on the fifteenth day of the fifth Tibetan month. The event commemorates Padmasambhava's subjugation of evil spirits. People go to the monasteries to burn juniper branches.
Harvest Festival (Ongkor in Tibetan) is celebrated when crops ripen, usually around August. The festival is observed only in farming villages. People walk around their fields to thank the gods and deities for a good year's harvest. Singing, dancing, and horseracing are indispensable folk activities.
List of Festivals,Dates in Tibetan and Solar Calendar,Year 2009 to Year 2012
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Festivals |
Date |
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2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
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Tibetan New Year |
Tibetan Calendar |
Jan 1st |
Jan 1st |
Jan 1st |
Jan 1st |
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Solar Calendar |
Feb 25th |
Feb 14th |
Mar 5th |
Feb 22nd |
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Monlam Prayer Festival |
Tibetan Calendar |
Jan 4th |
Jan 4th |
Jan 4th |
Jan 4th |
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Solar Calendar |
Feb 28th |
Feb 17th |
Mar 8th |
Feb 25th |
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Butter Lamp Festival |
Tibetan Calendar |
Jan 15th |
Jan 15th |
Jan 15th |
Jan 15th |
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Solar Calendar |
Feb 11th |
Feb 28th |
Mar 19th |
Mar 8th |
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Saga Dawa Festival |
Tibetan Calendar |
Apr 15th |
Apr 15th |
Apr 15th |
Apr 15th |
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Solar Calendar |
Jun 7th |
May 27th |
Jun 15th |
Jun 4th |
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Gyantse Horse Race |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Jul 20th |
Jul 20th |
Jul 20th |
Jul 20th |
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Thangka unveling Tashilunpo |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Jul 7th |
Jun 26th |
Jul 15th |
Jul 3rd |
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Zamling Chisang/Samye Dolde |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Jul 7th |
Jun 26th |
Jul 15th |
Jul 3rd |
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Choekor Duechen/Tukbe Tseshi |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Jul 25th |
Jul 5th |
Aug 3rd |
Jul 23rd |
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Ganden Thangka Uneling |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Aug 5th |
Jul 25th |
Aug 13th |
Aug 2nd |
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Shoton Festival |
Tibetan Calendar |
Jun 30th - Jul 6th |
Jun 30th - Jul 6th |
Jun 30th - Jul 6th |
Jun 30th - Jul 6th |
|
Solar Calendar |
Aug 20th - 26th |
Aug 10th - 16th |
Aug 29th - Sep 4th |
Aug 17th - 23th |
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Labrang Festival |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Aug 27th |
Aug 17th |
Aug 7th |
Aug 25th |
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Karma Dunba (shower festival) |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Sep 6th |
Aug 26th |
Sep 14th |
Sep 2nd |
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Nakchu Horse Race |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Aug 10th |
Aug 10th |
Aug 10th |
Aug 10th |
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Yushu Horse Race |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Jul 25th |
Jul 25th |
Jul 25th |
Jul 25th |
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Litang Horse Race |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Aug 1st |
Aug 1st |
Aug 1st |
Aug 1st |
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Lhabab Duechen |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Nov 9th |
Oct 29th |
Nov 17th |
Nov 6th |
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Palden Lhamo Festival |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Dec 2nd |
Nov 21st |
Dec 10th |
Nov 28th |
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Ganden Nga-Choe |
Tibetan Calendar |
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Solar Calendar |
Dec 11th |
Dec 1st |
Dec 20th |
Dec 8th |
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